Embedded System

6 subjects · 14 chapters · 56 topics

1. 01

   Embedded Fundamentals

   1.1 What embedded means

   • Microprocessor versus microcontroller
   • Harvard and von Neumann architectures
   • Memory types: flash, SRAM, EEPROM
   • Real-time constraints

   1.2 Electronics refresher

   • Voltage, current and Ohm's law
   • Reading a schematic
   • Using a multimeter and oscilloscope
   • Power supply and decoupling

   1.3 The toolchain

   • Cross compilers and linkers
   • Flashing and debugging hardware
   • Datasheets and reference manuals
   • Version control for firmware
2. 02

   Programming the Microcontroller

   2.1 Embedded C

   • Bit manipulation
   • Volatile, const and memory-mapped registers
   • Fixed-point arithmetic
   • Avoiding dynamic memory

   2.2 GPIO and timing

   • Digital input and output
   • Pull-ups, debouncing and edge detection
   • Timers and counters
   • PWM generation

   2.3 Interrupts

   • Interrupt vectors and handlers
   • Priorities and nesting
   • Interrupt safety and shared data
   • Low-power modes and wake-up
3. 03

   Peripherals and Communication

   3.1 Analogue interfacing

   • ADC resolution and sampling
   • Sensor conditioning
   • DAC output
   • Noise and filtering

   3.2 Serial protocols

   • UART
   • I2C
   • SPI
   • Choosing between them

   3.3 Displays and storage

   • Character and graphic LCDs
   • SD card and file systems
   • External flash
   • Bootloaders and firmware update
4. 04

   Real-Time Systems

   4.1 RTOS concepts

   • Tasks, scheduling and priorities
   • Semaphores and mutexes
   • Queues and message passing
   • Priority inversion

   4.2 Using FreeRTOS

   • Creating and managing tasks
   • Timers and delays
   • Stack sizing
   • Debugging an RTOS application
5. 05

   Connected and Reliable Devices

   5.1 Connectivity

   • Bluetooth Low Energy
   • Wi-Fi modules
   • Basic IoT protocols
   • Security on constrained devices

   5.2 Reliability

   • Watchdog timers
   • Brown-out detection
   • Fault handling and safe states
   • Testing firmware
6. 06

   Project

   6.1 Building a device

   • Requirements and block diagram
   • Schematic and prototype
   • Firmware implementation
   • Testing and demonstration